intercostal vein การใช้

• Other tributaries include the bronchial veins, pericardial veins, and posterior right intercostal veins.
• The spaces between the ribs are known as intercostal spaces; they contain the intercostal veins.
• Posteriorly, the second rib is connected with the vertebral column by the intercostal veins and arteries and intercostal nerve.
• The esophagus also lies in front of parts of the hemiazygos veins and the intercostal veins on the right side.
• A given posterior intercostal artery travels along the bottom of the rib with its corresponding posterior intercostal vein, as well as the intercostal nerve of the given space.
• It receives the posterior intercostal veins from the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th intercostal spaces between the left superior intercostal vein and highest tributary of the hemiazygos vein; the left bronchial vein sometimes opens into it.
• It receives the posterior intercostal veins from the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th intercostal spaces between the left superior intercostal vein and highest tributary of the hemiazygos vein; the left bronchial vein sometimes opens into it.
• The left aortic intercostals run backward on the sides of the vertebrae and are covered by the left lung and pleura; the upper two vessels are crossed by the left superior intercostal vein, the lower vessels by the hemiazygos vein.
• It is formed by the folding of the serous layer over the remnant of the lower part of the left superior vena cava ( duct of Cuvier ), which becomes obliterated during fetal life, and remains as a fibrous band stretching from the highest left intercostal vein to the left atrium, where it is continuous with a small cardiac vein, the vein of the left atrium ( oblique vein of Marshall ), which opens into the coronary sinus.